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Showing posts from December, 2025

Rules of Trust

Rules of trust are the basic principles people usually follow to decide whether to rely on someone. People trust those who are honest, competent, consistent, and who care about their interests. In close relationships, trust grows when words and actions align and when both sides communicate openly and respectfully. Honesty is one of the core rules of trust because people cannot rely on someone whose words do not align with reality. Tell the truth rather than lie, exaggerate, or hide key facts, especially when others are making decisions based on what you say. Avoid excuses or half‑truths. Convenient lies damage trust once discovered. Do what you say. Following through on commitments shows integrity and makes others see you as dependable. Admit mistakes. Openly taking responsibility is often the first step in repairing trust. Reliability in trust means being someone others can count on, repeatedly, not just once. It is about matching words and actions so people feel safe depending on ...

Egalitarianism

Egalitarianism is a broad political and moral philosophy that prioritizes equal moral worth and seeks to reduce or eliminate unjust inequalities in political power, resources, and opportunities. There are diverse interpretations about what exactly should be equalized and by what means. Core idea is all humans have equal fundamental worth, which should be reflected in fair treatment under the law and in distributions of resources or opportunities. Equality of opportunity and equality of outcome are two different ways egalitarians think about what should be made equal in a just society. They often overlap in practice, but they focus on different moral targets. Equality of opportunity Positions, rewards, and offices should be open to all under fair conditions. So people with similar talent and effort have similar chances, regardless of race, gender, family background, or class. Inequalities in results are then acceptable if they arise from people’s choices and efforts rather than fro...

Golden Mean

The golden mean is the idea that the best or most virtuous course lies between two extremes, one of excess and one of deficiency. It is associated with Aristotle’s ethics but also appears in other philosophical traditions. Aristotle’s golden mean is his idea that every moral virtue is a balanced state between two opposite vices: one of excess and one of deficiency. It is a practical guide for living well rather than a mathematical midpoint. Each virtue targets a ‘just right’ way of feeling and acting. Courage The virtue of courage is the mean between excessive fearlessness and excessive fear. A courageous person faces real dangers for good reasons but does not seek danger for its own sake. Temperance Temperance in pleasures lies between self‑indulgence and extreme abstinence. The temperate person enjoys pleasures in the right amount, at the right times, and for the right reasons, rather than either overindulging or denying all enjoyment. Generosity In everyday giving and sp...

Laws of Behavior Change

The Four Laws of Behavior Change is from James Clear’s Atomic Habits. These laws form a sequential loop that helps to make new behaviors more likely to start, stick, and repeat. Atomic Habits offers practical, science-backed strategies for building good habits and breaking bad ones through small, compounding changes. Habits form through a four-step loop: cue (trigger), craving (motivation), response (action), reward (satisfaction). Habits can be optimized or inverted to build good habits or break bad ones Law 1 : Make it Obvious (Cue) triggers awareness by designing visible prompts in your environment or routines. This starts the cycle, as unnoticed cues lead to no action. Law 2 : Make it Attractive (Craving) builds motivation by linking the behavior to dopamine-boosting anticipation. It amplifies the cue’s pull, turning notice into desire. Law 3 : Make it Easy (Response) lowers friction so the action flows naturally from craving. This ensures the craving leads to actual perform...